- Reproducibility
- ProbabilisticThe same input can produce different outputs.
- Rule-basedThe same input and rule version always produce the same output.
- Explainability
- ProbabilisticThe reason may be an explanation generated after the fact.
- Rule-basedThe reason is the rule that fired.
- Verification
- ProbabilisticBehaviour is estimated statistically, from a sample.
- Rule-basedEach rule is verified directly against defined test cases.
- Change control
- ProbabilisticRetraining can cause unexpected changes in behaviour.
- Rule-basedEach change is versioned, reviewed and regression-tested.
- Failure mode
- ProbabilisticFluent but wrong output (hallucination) can be hard to spot.
- Rule-basedCases outside scope are marked plainly as “not assessed”.